Kuwait and France Sculpture Comparison

Objectives The main idea of this project is to consider the sculpture in Kuwait and France with the purpose to compare and contrast them referring to the cultural and religious significance of the items. Moreover, the main objective of this research is to consider the historical development of sculpture in France and the availability of the art schools in the country in comparison with relatively young development of sculpture art in Kuwait.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Kuwait’ and France’ Sculpture Comparison specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This information will help to reconsider the attitude of architects in Kuwait to sculpture and will assist in developing a program for improving the sculpture art in Kuwait. Synopsis The research is going to be directed at the development of sculpture in Kuwait and France from time perspective. Therefore, the historical development of the cultural sphere is going to be considered. Furthermore, the places for studying art in the countries are going to be considered as the main aspects which promote the development of sculpture in Kuwait and France. The financing of the spheres should be mentioned. The main public sculptures are to be considered from the point of view of aesthetic look and architectural characteristics. Background The literature review of some of the credible sources has already been conducted. Moreover, I have considered the Internet blogs and similar sources where people expressed their opinion in relation to sculpture in France and in Kuwait. I have also considered the pieces of sculpture in Kuwait and France that helped me understand the weaknesses of sculpture in Kuwait and the strength of sculpture in France. This information will help me direct my research in the necessary flow. Significance The research under consideration is important in many reasons. Firs of all, I will have an opportunity to consider the we aknesses of sculpture in Kuwait. Additionally, I will gain the experience of France in the development of sculpture as the art and I will be able to use this experience for further research directed at creating the program for improving the sculpture development in Kuwait.Advertising Looking for proposal on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Methodology Comparison and contrast of the techniques used in Kuwait and France from the literature sources and consideration of the pieces of sculptures presented in Kuwait and France are going to be incorporated as the literature review methods. Having created a blog with presenting the pieces of French and Kuwait sculpture examples, the questionnaire is going to be created with the questions devoted to personal impression from the sculptures. The respondents will be given an opportunity to share their opinion about the professional performance of the sculptures and their vi sion of the changes which are to be made. The main responsibility of the researcher will be to gather the information and to analyse it from the perspective of the necessary attempts which are to be made to complete the offered changes. Resources The Internet should be used as the main resource for the completion of this research. Moreover, the literature sources are to be considered. I insist on reading the books by O’Shea and Spilling (2009) and DiPiazza (2006) for understanding the general condition of sculpture in Kuwait. The books by Levey (1995) and Eaton (2009) should be considered with the purpose to understand how sculpture developed in France, which stages were completed and at what stage the modern sculpture in Kuwait remains if to compare it with that of France. It is essential to compare and contrast the development of the French sculpture as it has a long history. Much may be said about the development of sculpture in this country, therefore, the artists from Ku wait may use the data about the history of French sculpture as the stages for personal development (Millard 1975). Before creating the questionnaire it is essential to consider such blogs as ‘Public Sculpture in Kuwait’ (2009) and ‘FRENCH SCULPTURE’ (1997) for better understanding modern trends in sculpture in these two countries. Work plan Further selection of the sources should be continued. Moreover, two pieces of sculptures should be selected for presenting in blogs. The links to the created blogs may be shared through the social network and other possible blogs which may help increase the attendance of the online questionnaire (their duration should be about 3 months).Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Kuwait’ and France’ Sculpture Comparison specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Then, the data should be analyzed and the necessary conclusions are to be drawn about the nat ure of the changes which must be made in Kuwait. I am going to attend several museums where the sculptures of some architects are presented. I will search for the works of the masters who lived and worked in Kuwait. I will also consider the Internet exhibitions of the French sculptors to have a better vision of the technologies used in that country. The analysis of the schools of art in France and Kuwait should be completed with the purpose to consider the potential of these two counties. The analysis should be noted and the data is to be presented in the form of tables and discussions. Reference List DiPiazza, FD 2006, Kuwait in Pictures, Twenty-First Century Books, New York. Eaton, DC 2009, A Handbook of Modern French Sculpture, Lightning Source Incorporated, New York. ‘FRENCH SCULPTURE’ 1997, Discover France. Web. Levey, SM 1995, Painting and Sculpture in France 1700-1789, Yale University Press, Yale. Millard, CW 1975, ‘Sculpture and Theory in Nineteenth Centur y France’, Journal of Aesthetics Art Criticism, vol. 34, iss. 1, pp. 15-21.Advertising Looking for proposal on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More O’Shea, M Spilling, M 2009, Kuwait, Marshall Cavendish, Tarrytown. ‘Public Sculpture in Kuwait’ 2009, Kuwait School ­. Web. This proposal on Kuwait’ and France’ Sculpture Comparison was written and submitted by user Gabriella Becker to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

arthritis essays

arthritis essays The theory behind ultrasound for treating knee osteoartritis is that it is used as a passive modality; a supplement to the primary treatment (e.g. exercise). Passive modalities are typically used to relax the patient as a distraction from pain, and/or to warm muscles for exercise. Ultrasound equipment generates high frequency sound waves that are transferred to a specific body area via a round sound head. The sound waves travel deep into tissue (e.g. muscles) creating gentle heat. The clinician usually applies a hypo-allergic gel to the skin, which creates a friction free surface. Using gentle, circular motions with the sound head, the treatment is administered and generally lasts seven to ten minutes. Ultrasound can also be used in phonophoresis. This treatment involves the application of a topical anti-inflammatory that is usually mixed with the ultrasound gel and applied to the area using the probe. The ultrasonic sound waves force the medication to migrate into the tissues reducing inflammation. As the sound head glides over the skin's surface, sound waves penetrate the skin's surface causing soft tissues to vibrate creating deep heat. In turn, the heat induces vasodilation, which is the drawing of blood into the target tissues. Increased blood flow delivers needed oxygen and nutrients to the muscle, and removes cell wastes from the muscles. The deep heat helps to relieve pain, inflammation, reduces muscle spasms, accelerates healing, and in some cas es, depending on the treatment area, range of motion may be increased. Arthritis of the knee is most often referred to as osteoarthritis, a degenerative disease where cartilage in the joint gradually wears away. In rheumatoid arthritis, which can also affect the knee, the joint becomes inflamed and the cartilage is destroyed. Arthritis is particularly devastating because it not only affects joints, but it may also affect supporting structures such as muscles, tendons, a...

The Big Bang Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Big Bang - Essay Example According to scientific findings, the â€Å"singularities† or the core zones of the black holes had been subjected to high intensity of gravitational pressure that they can be thought of to consist of an infinite density. This consequently directed the universe to be understood in the light of the singularity concept in being infinitely hot and boundlessly dense while the universe at its initial state is also infinitesimally small. Nevertheless, the exact source of ‘singularity’ remains unknown beyond nearly accurate speculations. Moreover, based on the Big Bang theory, the universe rapidly undergoes expansion since the beginning of time and â€Å"the more distant the light source is, the greater the rate of expansion and ‘redshift’ is as well. This theory further claims that it is the universe that sustained itself the energy to expand and that it expanded from almost a mathematical point or microbial speck under a closely infinite value of initial temperature and material density. The universe is proposed to have possessed an appearance which gradually inflated, expanded, and cooled, originating from a body of insignificant size yet of extremely hot conditions until these characteristics settle to the kind of universe conducive for our planet’s dwelling. The Big Bang theory holds that the formation of stars, galaxies, and black holes happened during the span of 500 million years when the universe was already in its expanded form, contrary to the conventional story of creation. NASA’s Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite has been able to demonstrate the strongest most reliable evidence for the ‘big bang’ possibility. As such, the 3-Degree Kelvin Background Radiation, otherwise called the Cosmic Background Radiation (CBR) serves as the Big Bang theory’s model of validity, having exhibited the blackbody radiation with

Quality of Service (QoS) in Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Research Paper

Quality of Service (QoS) in Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Applications - Research Paper Example The current levels of available reliability and performance will be assessed for their application to real life business applications. Keywords – Quality of Service, Service Oriented Architecture, QoS, SOA, reliability, performance, mathematical model I. Introduction Service oriented architecture (SOA) environments have gained popularity in recent years given their inherent flexibility and reusability. The typical SOA is structured around methods that promote software creation as interoperable services [1]. The various services used to construct a SOA are well-defined business functions. These business functions are construed as various software building blocks that can be used repeatedly to promote decreased development time and debugging effort [2]. Currently the SOA model is finding great appeal for web application development as well as grid computing [3]. The current speed of SOA architecture development indicates that SOA applications will dominate the future avenues of development. II. Quality of Service (QoS) and Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) The most important method of describing a SOA’s characteristics in general is the quality of service (QoS) it offers [4]. The current development of the QoS concept sees divergence and some commonality depending on the various fields that employ SOAs. Most web based application SOAs require real time transfer rates such as for fiscal information transfer or multimedia applications. In contrast, other areas such as mobile grid computing see SOA QoS as a set of non-functional outputs that guarantee reliability [5]. The existing disparity between QoS definitions for SOA implementations in networking, web applications and grid computing mean that QoS needs to be defined in a more comprehensive yet unambiguous fashion. Most previous definitions of QoS promote the idea that only the best possible service levels can be classified as QoS [6]. However, more modern definitions of QoS contend that any leve l of services that meet user requirements can be classified as QoS for that particular application [7]. QoS can also be compared to Service Level Agreements (SLAs) where the user and the service provider agree upon acceptable levels of performance parameters such as functionality, costs etc. QoS for SOAs can be classified in the form of â€Å"request, specification, provision and negotiation† of some particular network features [7]. A typical SOA application may require QoS for the latency, the error rate, bandwidth, availability as well as the network security [8]. However, these characteristics alone should not be seen as describing the entire umbrella for QoS for SOAs. Instead, these characteristics form some of the characteristics of QoS for SOAs. Moreover, the QoS agreements would tend to vary from application to application in SOA depending on user requirements, functional expectations and non-functional expectations of the user [9]. For example, users accessing multime dia content through SOA applications would emphasize more on bandwidth than users dealing with defense applications through SOA who would emphasize more on reliability and security [10]. The classification method provided above for QoS in SOA applications is limited in scope. The QoS may be broken down into smaller metrics for further QoS classification. For example, jitter in network connection could be treated through consecutive difference in jitter or through the average jitter. The results from these metrics would tend to differ

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Human Resource Management - Essay Example The legislation states that redundancy can happen on the part of the employer when he or she ceases to run a business which tends to employ a large number of people. Again the employer may happen to change the place of business activity for which employees residing in one area may turn redundant to the corporation. The employer may also feel that there is less requirement of employees pertaining to a certain segment and thus tends to reduce the number of people in such segments. Finally the employer may also decide to cease the business segment in operation where the employees redundant were previously employed. However the above cases reflect situations which cannot be taken as legitimate from the legal standpoint and hence requires some procedural followings. (Taylor, 2005, p.360-361; Gernard and Judge, 2005, p.329). Process Firstly the employer is asked to consider the different feasible alternatives like conducting layoffs or putting employees in short term contracts rather than making them fully redundant. However if it is felt that redundancy is the only option then the employer is required to act on such in an unbiased manner whether conducted on a group or in regards to some specific individuals. The employer is required to render some salient points or objectives for which redundancy is best chosen. Secondly in regards to making specific employees redundant the employer is required to render a written declaration to them stating the rationale for which the company desires to cease their employment. Such employees are also required to be invited for gaining their views on such. However in cases where in 20 or more employees are made redundant then adequate rationale is required to be put to the body called Department of Business as well... According to the essay findings these happenings of redundancy are often related to the degradation of the productivity factor of the employees. Further the Employment Rights Act of 1996 in practice in United Kingdom states hints many factors which are related to the cause of redundancy. The legislation states that redundancy can happen on the part of the employer when he or she ceases to run a business which tends to employ a large number of people. Again the employer may happen to change the place of business activity for which employees residing in one area may turn redundant to the corporation. The employer may also feel that there is less requirement of employees pertaining to a certain segment and thus tends to reduce the number of people in such segments. As the research declares the best employment practices based on the Civil Rights Law of the European region pertain to abolishment of discriminatory practices in regards to different races, gender differences and also differences based on employment of people pertaining to different religions. Thus the employers of United Kingdom focus on strictly abiding by such legislations to help sustain a clean and productive atmosphere in the work zones. Discrimination based on gender and race differentiations are strictly avoided and also protection is rendered to help minorities work in a productive manner along with other employees.

Soft Sediment Communities

Soft Sediment Communities CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Overview of Soft Sediment Communities Soft sediments are the most common marine habitat on earth (Wilson, 1990). The habitats include sandy beaches, estuaries, mudflats and salt marshes. The communities consist of organisms which live on, or in, the bottom of a water body. There are generally four types of soft sediment communities which can be classified according to their size. They are microbenthos (1.0 mm) and megabenthos (> 10.0 mm). This study is focused on macrofauna, also known as macrobenthos. They are invertebrates that live on or in sediment, or attached to hard substrates. The common soft-sediment communities that can be found in intertidal areas are Annelida, Crustacea and Mollusca (Munari Mistri, 2008). Estuarine and coastal ecosystems consist of important components of macrofauna (Borja et al., 2000). They connect primary producersand organic matter sources such as phytoplankton and detritus apart from being economically, ecological, and recreationally importantfish and crustaceans (Rà ¶nnbà ¤ck et al., 2007; Bremner, 2008).Soft sediment communities provide many ecosystem services that help to maintain good water and sediment quality (Rà ¶nnbà ¤ck et al., 2007). Filter feeders such as bivalves remove particles from the water column, which may result in enhanced water clarity (MacIsaac, 1996). Given the importance of light in shallow water estuarine ecosystems, filter feeding may improve shallow water habitat for submerged aquatic plants and benthic microalgae. The degradation of some pollutants is enhanced by sediment mixing (bioturbation) of the infaunal macrobenthos due to stimulation ofmicrobial processes. The enhanced coupling of key nitrogen transformations in the presence of benthic macrofauna can lead to the production of nitrogen gas, which escapes to the atmosphere, thereby reducing nitrogen loading in the ecosystem. Macrobenthos have been used for decades asindicators of environmental statusand trends in estuaries and coastal areas because infauna are mostly sedentary organisms and they respond to local environmental impacts (Pearson Rosenberg, 1978; Borja et al., 2000; Wildsmith et al., 2009, 2011). They cover a wide range of physiological tolerances, living positions, type of feeding and trophic interactions (Elliott et al., 2002). Macrobenthic assemblages respond relatively quickly to habitat disturbances (Borja et al., 2000). They are important components of aquaticfood webs (Rà ¶nnbà ¤ck et al., 2007)and they affect transport and cycling of nutrients and toxicants. In addition, there are data on their patterns of variation, their responses to different forms of disturbance are known and they show similar responses at different levels of taxonomic resolution (Warwick, 1988). They form an important component of the estuarine food-web, supporting commercial and non-commercial species. They therefore represent an ideal assemblage to measure environmental change and will continue to be used to represent an important biological component of soft sediments. Understanding how different components of benthos respond to changes in properties of sediments is therefore essential in determining how much, if any, redundancy there is in this system and how much impacts on the sediments themselves are tolerated by the fauna. From this study it is clear that such experiments need replication at multiple scales and across multiple habitats before any general responses will be identified. By knowing the importance of soft sediment communities, the health and quality of an ecosystem can be determined without using any harmful chemical indicators. 1.2 Objectives The objectives of this project are: To investigate the abundance and distribution of soft sediment communities in Tanjung Bungah, Pulau Pinang. To relate the environmental variables with soft sediment communities distribution and abundance in Penang intertidal area. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 The Ecology of Soft Sediment Communities Macrofauna make up a large component of the food web in estuarine ecosystems, connecting primary producers to top producers and playing an important role in system dynamics (Herman et al., 1999; Platell et al., 2006). Bottom macrobenthic communities include a great variety of organisms and generally a large number of species and they are extremely complicated (Meire et al., 2005). In marine macrobenthic organisms, polychaetes is one of the most significant groups and may make up more than half of the organisms in soft bottom habitats. They are often the predominant macrobenthic taxon in these sediments in terms of numbers, both numerically of species and abundance (Wildsmith et al., 2009, 2011). Polychaetes could hence be good indicators of species richness and assemblage models in macrobenthic assemblages (Fauchald Jumars, 1979). Some polychaete species were greatly opportunistic and responded quickly to environmental disturbances (Norkko et al., 2006; Wildsmith et al., 2011). 2.2 The Importance of Soft Sediment Communities Invertebrates constitute part of marine ecosystems and play important roles to support the function and stability of the food chains and ecosystems upon which other animals rely (Snelgrove, 1998). They regulate populations of other organisms (plant and animal) through predation, parasitism and herbivory, and help maintain water quality by filtering large amounts of water during feeding (Ponder et al., 2002). Invertebrates are directly involved in ecosystem stabilization, shoreline protection, energy and nutrient transfer and provision of habitat (Ponder et al., 2002). They also help in climate stabilization and re-mineralization and play an important role in the cycling of nutrients, breakdown of plant matter and other detritus and provide habitat for other species (Ponder et al., 2002). 2.2.1 Environmental indicator Members of the macrofauna community serve as useful biological indicators of environmental change and key elements of many marine and estuarine monitoring programs, due to their sedentary lifestyles and reduced responses to environmental changes (Tweedley et al., 2012). Therefore, the spatial distribution of macrofauna relative to environmental factors is fundamental to the understanding of estuarine ecology (Herman et al., 1999). Polychaetes are valuable marine organisms which can tolerate contamination because they live at the interface of water-sediment (Wildsmith et al., 2009, 2011). This layer is both biologically reactive and chemically active (Rhoads Young, 1970). Polychaetes occupy almost all marine and estuarine sediments (Fauchald, 1977) and are often the predominant constituent of the macrobenthic communities both in terms of individuals and number of species (Hutchings, 1998; Morin, 1999; Mills, 1969; Rhoads Young, 1970; Van Hoey et al., 2004; Ward Hutchings, 1996; Warwick, 1988). Polychaetes carry out an important role in ecosystem processes of macrofauna assemblages such as recycling, pollutant metabolism and in the interment of organic matter (Hutchings, 1998). 2.3 Factors Affecting Soft Sediment Communities The abundance and distribution of soft sediment communities were influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors. Biotic factors such as competition and predation (Rhoads Young, 1970) while abiotic factors such as variation in salinity, turbidity, sediment grain size, total organic carbon, and metal contamination, affect estuarine macrofauna (Kinne, 1966; Remane Schlieper, 1971; McLusky Elliot, 2004). 2.3.1 Salinity The influence of salinity in particular is an important factor in estuarine macrofaunal diversity. Generally, studies have reported a positive correlation between biodiversity and salinity (Holland et al., 1987; Jorcin, 1999; Ysebaert Herman, 2002; Gimenez et al., 2005). Because variation in salinity differs in accordance with tidal movements and freshwater inputs into estuaries, the distribution of macrofauna and the macrobenthic community can differ between dry and rainy seasons. 2.3.2 Sediment Grain Size In estuaries, salinity and sediment grain size have been found to be the most important environmental variables controlling the diversity and distributional patterns of macrofauna (Absalo, 1991; Yoo Hong, 1996; McLusky Elliot, 2004). Hong Yoo (1996) suggested that the particle size and disturbance of the sediment may have been the most important factors controlling the macrobenthic community. Soft-sediment communities are unusual in the rate at which the nature of the physical environment can change (Wilson, 1990). Most sedimentary particles are smaller than the resident organisms, infauna (Wilson, 1990). The activities of the infauna can dramatically change the nature of the environment over time periods of hours or days (Wilson, 1990). For instance, burrowing infauna may increase the porosity of the sediment (Rhoads, 1974). 2.3.3 Total organic carbon Population dynamics of benthic suspension feeders, deposit feeders and subsurface feeders are known to respond differently according to nature of inputs, plankton and/or organic food matter (Austen et al., 1991; Beukema et al., 2002). The latter two groups are less affected since they utilize a large pool of organic matter in the sediment, which is constantly being recycled. In tropical region, Wolanski et al. (1992) hypothesized that in mangrove swamp or creek system, the circulation processes are highly complicated leading to novel sediment transport regimes that could in turn account for the chemistry and biology of the recipient water. Abundance and Composition of Soft Sediment Communities The study of soft sediment communities was extensive in certain temperate countries especially Australia while other countries in the tropics are lacking in their data. Further studies have yet to be conducted in tropical coastlines due and increasing human population growth, pollution, urbanization at an alarming rate (Hatcher et al., 1989). Distribution of Soft Sediment Communities in the World In East Antarctica, Stark (2000) had investigated the distribution and abundance of soft-sediment macrobenthos around Casey Station. Two locations were compared – two potentially polluted locations and two control locations in an asymmetrical design (Stark, 2000). Stark (2000) found out that the dominant assemblage were crustaceans while polychaetes’ assemblage was smaller in number, about 3-10% of individuals at the locations sampled. Another study in Brown Bay, Antartic which was carried out by Stark et al. (2005) revealed significant correlations between the presence of contaminants and the distribution and composition of soft sediment-communities over very small spatial scales. Combinations of certain metals, for example Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Tin (Sn) and Lead (Pb) and sediment grain size were the variables that best linked the community patterns at Brown Bay. This is further supported by previous studies in Antartic where benthic assemblages probably patchy due to local environmental conditions (Stark, 2000; Stark et al. 2003). In England, annelids were found to be the most abundant group followed by crustaceans, molluscs, echinoderms and others (bryozoans and cnidarians) with 34.5%, 20.0%, 16%, 2.5% and 27% respectively (Bolam et al., 2008). Sediment grain size significantly affects the abundance of macrofauna along the English Channel (Bolam et al., 2008). In Australia, polychaetes were found the highest, and crustaceans were the lowest in macrofauna abundance (Morrisey et al., 1992). In Norway, environmental variables such as productivity, temperature and sediment grain size played a vital role in determining pattern of species richness (Gray, 2002). In Germany, the most abundant taxonomic group was gastropods, followed by oligochaetes, polychaetes and crustaceaans with 87%, 6%, 6% and 2% abundance respectively (Schà ¼ckel et al., 2013). The main causal factors for the different distribution patterns of intertidal macrofauna species which results in characteristic zonation patterns were sediment grain size and food availability, expressed in chloropohyll a contents (Schà ¼ckel et al., 2013). In Italy, the highest numbers of species that were identified were for Annelida which recorded 108 species, Crustacea recorded 69 species, and Mollusca recorded 52 species (Munari Mistri, 2008). Changes in the composition of assemblages of local species and the dominance of annelids species cannot be explained by only one factor (Lardicci et al., 1993). The factors were linked to biotic and hydrodynamic determinants, dissolved oxygen, grain size and organic content of the sediments (Munari Mistri, 2008). Distribution of Soft Sediment Communities in Asia In Qeshm Island of Iran, Nassaj et al. (2010) investigated the abundance and distribution of macrofauna in Salakh coastal region waters (Qeshm Island-Persian Gulf). Nassaj et al. (2010) found that Polychaeta (54.14%) were the most dominant group followed by the Crustacean (27.24%), Amphipods (9%), Gastropoda (8%), Bivalvia (7%), Copepoda (2%) and other groups (4%). In Korea, Yu et al. (2012) carried out a research on the effects of environmental variables on the distribution of macrofauna in the Han River Estuary during summer and spring. The dominant species were polychaetes during July, 2006 and March, 2007 (Yu et al., 2012). The most important factor was salinity and other factors such as sediment grain size and dissolved oxygen being secondary (Yu et al., 2012). Distribution of Soft Sediment Communities in Malaysia In Pulau Pinang, the high percentage of organic matter has shown a positive relation with abundance, diversity and richness of macrobenthic (Gholizadeh, Yahya, Talib, Ahmad, 2012). High percentages of sediment with grain size ≠¥125 ÃŽ ¼m revealed to have an increased in macrobenthic abundance (Gholizadeh, Yahya, Talib, Ahmad, 2012). This may aid in expounding the higher abundance of macrobenthic organisms, particularly for the deposit feeders. It has been reported that the sediment type (sand vs. mud) is one of the parameters responsible for the spatial distribution of macrobenthic families according to feeding kinds (Rhoads Young, 1970; Hutchings, 1998; Van Hoey et al., 2004).

Summer Of 17th Doll Review Essay -- essays research papers

Year 12 Literature SAC Summer Of The Seventeenth Doll The play â€Å"Summer Of The Seventeenth Doll† is a mixture of people’s inability to grow up and let go of dreams, in a typical Australian atmosphere in the nineteen fifties. Ray Lawler focuses on showing the characters finally waking up to their lives and realizing they don’t live in â€Å"heaven, â€Å" within in a simple plot. These techniques allow readers to connect and understand the disillusionment suffered by these Australian’s in this time. Our setting for â€Å"Summer Of The Seventeenth Doll’ is a Melbourne suburb, Carlton. Australia in the fifties had just began massive social and economical development. During the war Australia had relied on the United States of America for support, meaning now in post war Australia’s main partners had swapped from United Kingdom to them. With their support came their influence. Australian’s some-what simpler, laid back lifestyle was being altered. A new unstable Australia full of uncertainty in social values and morals had evolved. â€Å"Summer Of The Seventeenth Doll’ questions the previous Australian dream and asks f it can survive in the new country evolving. Carlton â€Å"a now scruffy but once fashionable suburb of Melbourne† was an industrial, working class area. Our characters find themselves in the working class status. Ray Lawler uses a group of friend’s, lovers, to show the catalysts of change evolving around Australia at the time. For seventeen years Roo and Barney had been traveling down from Queensland for they layoff season. Waiting for them were their â€Å"girlfriends† Olive and Nancy. These four characters each represent a key theme in the play. The ability to link them all together and show their enchanted world crumbling around them is what makes the play one of Australia’s finest. Roo and Barney are the typical Australian larrikins. They rare the representation of mate ship and freedom in Australia are known for. In the play their relationship acts as one of the first things to fall in their â€Å"paradise.† Roo’s position as head cane cutter was taken by Dowd. Roo finds his masculinity diminished. As most larrikins he can’t accept the fact he is not one of the best. Roo leaves early. To add to the reality of things, we learn Barney’s â€Å"girlfriend† Nancy has gone at got married. Their world begins to fall. It is Nancy’s marriage that plays a key role in forcing the group ... ... their world. With nothing left of their once happy world Lawler prepares us for the dramatic end. As Roo feels he can no longer live up to his previous life her scrambles to build a new one, even if it only slightly mimics the old one. He believes by proposing to Olive they will both still have a form of what they had before, by doing this he shows he knows what they had is over and can never return, he understands that he must grow up. Olive wont allow this to happen. She is still clinging to her world â€Å"you’ve got to go back, it’s the only hope we’ve got.† She attempts any thing to piece it back together. Emma enters and sees that Olive is gutted; she can’t accept the new reality. With the rejection from Olive Roo becomes a beaten disheartened figure. Each character now knows they cannot stay here, they must all move on for good. Ray Lawler concludes the play and has expressed the characters as far as they can go. He created Australia compelled by the demand for liberation of women, but killed by the disintegration of mate ship. Lawler leaves the audience knowing their dream, their world cannot survive the new Australia, and we must all allow it, and us to evolve. WORDS: 974

Book Review: the Protector Essay

The Protector is about a firefighter named Jack O’Malley, and his ‘family’ of seven people orphaned as teens who basically adopted each other and who all changed there sir name to O’Malley. Jack O’Malley is a firefighter who has seen so many wrecks and fires he has lost count, but the arsonist who is treading on he, and his fellow firefighters lives, he knows his task at hand, to stop the arsonist in its tracks before he ends up killing one of his own. Cole, the arson investigator is worried, but wont admit that to anyone, but with the arson’s escalating, he has an uneasy feeling of what the future holds. The arsonist is leaving signs, murals painted on the walls with the words murderer, and killer, and popcorn at every scene. When Cassie, a firefighter who took a break from her job after being severely burned at a nursing home fire that had been ruled as the first arson fire, witnesses the arsonist in the act, she is put in danger and it’s Jack and Cole’s job to protect her. After Cassie see’s the arsonist, she decides she has to go back to work, and she has to help in anyway she can to catch this arsonist, starting with trying to figure out who she had seen, knowing she had seen him before. I think that the author, Dee Henderson, wrote this book very well. Henderson has an amazing way of showing the emotion f the characters she is portraying on her writings. I feel as though Henderson has a way of writing that warms your heart, making it seem like you are in the book too, or as though you are watching the story unfold around you. â€Å"The new year is eighteen minutes away. â€Å"†Come kiss me awake in seventeen minutes. â€Å"She blinked at that lazy suggestion, gave a quick grin, and dropped Benji on his chest. He opened one eye to look up at her as he settled his hand lightly on the kitten. â€Å"That’s a no? â€Å"She smiled. She was looking forward to dating him, but she was smart enough to know he’d value more what he had to work at. For example when reading the above excerpt from the book, she writes it so hate you can mentally visualize Cassie sitting with Benji, her cat, on her chest and Jack asking her to kiss him awake for new years. You can really feel what Cassie is saying when she says that she was looking forward to dating Jack, but is making him work for it so he will value it more. I feel as though this book is an overall good read, it shows traces of how God is working in each of the main characters lives and how he is present in there hearts, but it is not in your face about God. The book was definitely a page turner, it took me about a day to read the 333 page book, I was hooked from about the third chapter and just could not put it down until I was finished. I think that this book would be a great book for young adults to read, the book is a really interesting book, and I would recommend any christian no matter where in there walk with God, to read this inspiring book about Jack O’Malley, the main character in this book, and his family of seven orphaned and abandoned teens who became a family, and changed there sir to O’Malley .

Calculating Torque With Examples

Calculating Torque With Examples When studying how objects rotate, it quickly becomes necessary to figure out how a given force results in a change in the rotational motion. The tendency of a force to cause or change rotational motion is called torque, and its one of the most important concepts to understand in resolving rotational motion situations. The Meaning of Torque Torque (also called moment - mostly by engineers) is calculated by multiplying force and distance. The SI units of torque are newton-meters, or N*m (even though these units are the same as Joules, torque isnt work or energy, so should just be newton-meters). In calculations, torque is represented by the Greek letter tau: Ï„. Torque is a vector quantity, meaning it has both a direction and a magnitude. This is honestly one of the trickiest parts of working with torque because it is calculated using a vector product, which means you have to apply the right-hand rule. In this case, take your right hand and curl the fingers of your hand in the direction of rotation caused by the force. The thumb of your right hand now points in the direction of the torque vector. (This can occasionally feel slightly silly, as youre holding your hand up and pantomiming in order to figure out the result of a mathematical equation, but its the best way to visualize the direction of the vector.) The vector formula that yields the torque vector Ï„ is: Ï„ r Ãâ€" F The vector r is the position vector with respect to an origin on the axis of rotation (This axis is the Ï„ on the graphic). This is a vector with a magnitude of the distance from where the force is applied to the axis of rotation. It points from the axis of rotation toward the point where the force is applied. The magnitude of the vector is calculated based upon ÃŽ ¸, which is the angle difference between r and F, using the formula: Ï„ rFsin(ÃŽ ¸) Special Cases of Torque A couple of key points about the above equation, with some benchmark values of ÃŽ ¸: ÃŽ ¸ 0 ° (or 0 radians) - The force vector is pointing out in the same direction as r. As you might guess, this is a situation where the force will not cause any rotation around the axis ... and the mathematics bears this out. Since sin(0) 0, this situation results in Ï„ 0.ÃŽ ¸ 180 ° (or Ï€ radians) - This is a situation where the force vector points directly into r. Again, shoving toward the axis of rotation isnt going to cause any rotation either and, once again, the mathematics supports this intuition. Since sin(180 °) 0, the value of the torque is once again Ï„ 0.ÃŽ ¸ 90 ° (or Ï€/2 radians) - Here, the force vector is perpendicular to the position vector. This seems like the most effective way that you could push on the object to get an increase in rotation, but does the mathematics support this? Well, sin(90 °) 1, which is the maximum value that the sine function can reach, yielding a result of Ï„ rF. In other words, a force applied at any other angle would provide less torque than when it is applied at 90 degrees. The same argument as above applies to cases of ÃŽ ¸ -90 ° (or -Ï€/2 radians), but with a value of sin(-90 °) -1 resulting in the maximum torque in the opposite direction. Torque Example Lets consider an example where youre applying a vertical force downward, such as when trying to loosen the lug nuts on a flat tire by stepping on the lug wrench. In this situation, the ideal situation is to have the lug wrench perfectly horizontal, so that you can step on the end of it and get the maximum torque. Unfortunately, that doesnt work. Instead, the lug wrench fits onto the lug nuts so that it is at a 15% incline to the horizontal. The lug wrench is 0.60 m long until the end, where you apply your full weight of 900 N. What is the magnitude of the torque? What about direction?: Applying the lefty-loosey, righty-tighty rule, you will want to have the lug nut rotating to the left - counter-clockwise - in order to loosen it. Using your right hand and curling your fingers in the counter-clockwise direction, the thumb sticks out. So the direction of the torque is away from the tires ... which is also direction you want the lug nuts to ultimately go. To begin calculating the value of the torque, you have to realize that theres a slightly misleading point in the above set-up. (This is a common problem in these situations.) Note that the 15% mentioned above is the incline from the horizontal, but thats not the angle ÃŽ ¸. The angle between r and F has to be calculated. Theres a 15 ° incline from the horizontal plus a 90 ° distance from the horizontal to the downward force vector, resulting in a total of 105 ° as the value of ÃŽ ¸. Thats the only variable that requires set-up, so with that in place we just assign the other variable values: ÃŽ ¸ 105 °r 0.60 mF 900 N Ï„ rF sin(ÃŽ ¸) (0.60 m)(900 N)sin(105 °) 540 Ãâ€" 0.097 Nm 520 Nm Note that the above answer involved maintaining only two significant figures, so it is rounded. Torque and Angular Acceleration The above equations are particularly helpful when there is a single known force acting on an object, but there are many situations where a rotation can be caused by a force that cannot easily be measured (or perhaps many such forces). Here, the torque often isnt calculated directly, but can instead be calculated in reference to the total angular acceleration, ÃŽ ±, that the object undergoes. This relationship is given by the following equation: ÃŽ £Ãâ€ž - The net sum of all torque acting on the objectI - the moment of inertia, which represents the objects resistance to a change in angular velocityÃŽ ± - angular acceleration

Five Ways to Become More Happy and Develop Positive Thinking

Five Ways to Become More Happy and Develop Positive Thinking How to Develop a Positive Personality To keep fit, you try to follow a healthy diet: you drink a sufficient amount of water, eat vegetables, fruit, nuts, and other nutritious stuff. With such an approach to life and nutrition, your organism will be definitely thankful. However, what about your inner state of mind, or, in other words, your mental health? It also requires a specific diet that will determine how well you feel each day and whether you are able to reach balance in your life. So, what can be called a mental diet? Actually, these are all the thoughts, information, music, films, conversations, people, actions, and affirmations that you let into your life. When you wake up each morning with positive affirmations in your mind, you will more likelyhave a good day rather than a bad one. When you spend some time in the morning and read some inspiring book instead of paying attention to the criminal situation in your district, you will also have more chances to spend a nice day. Thus, as you might have already inferr ed, the proper mental diet consists only of positive affirmations and thoughts, inspiring books, films, and music that determine how you will live your life. With such a positive approach to life, you will be able to develop more confidence and self-esteem and you will learn how to instill them to other people around you. If you take the responsibility for your own thoughts and actions, you will see that its only you who has a complete control over your state of mind. Its your own choice whether to let in negative or positive thoughts. All in all, you should realize that mental health is as important as physical health. Check the following ways of how you can develop positive thinking: Positive Affirmations From the early morning, try to fill your mind with positive thoughts: tell yourself that you are smart and beautiful, that you will succeed today, etc. According to some estimates, 95% of your emotional state of mind is determined by the way you talk to yourself and react to your ups and downs. If you do not talk about positive things, you will by default be programmed to focus only on everything negative. Positive Visualization Positive visualization is even more effective than affirmations. When you visualize your success or a long desired accomplishment in something, you are more prone to get it. Similarly, you can envision a better life, promotion, your own place of dwelling, a family, etc. Positive People Do not surround yourself with people who are constantly complaining about their life, health, work, families, etc. Such people devoid you of positive energy and their talks have a deteriorating impact on your state of mind. Contrarily, try to surround yourself with positive people who will help you to find something positive in each day. Positive and Healthy Lifestyle Dont forget to take care of your physical well-being. Paint a pretty picture of yourself when you are 80 years old and still doing yoga in the evenings or dancing to the music while you are preparing dinner. Eat nutritious food and maintain proper water balance. Such proper diet will have a positive impact on your health and well-being. Apart from healthy eating, involve yourself into regular physical exercising, which can also decrease stress levels. In the evenings, engage yourself in meditations and relaxation practices. Positive Expectations When you expect something positive to come to your life, it will surely do. This is the cornerstone of the Law of Attraction: whatever you expect seems to come to your life. Therefore, try to expect only the best. All in all, if you are willing to change your life for the better, why not try the above-mentioned tips? Be more positive and the world will turn to you.

Policies to Enhance the Safety Measures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Policies to Enhance the Safety Measures - Essay Example The health and social care organisations are often exposed to major health related risks. It is obvious that a workplace should possess its own set of schedules and norms to maintain standard health and safety practices for the service providers. Since, the health and the social workers work in a dynamic and hazardous environment, which is exposed to severe risk, the requirement for safety is at the maximum for these workers (Health and Social Care Board, 2011). Health & Safety measures adopted in health and social care workplace represents that the people working in hazardous situations are protected with negative or adverse consequences. The practitioners providing services are most exposed to the risks rising at the social as well as healthcare centres. It is worth mentioning that effective communication of information about such policies is one of the important practices, which has the potentiality to ensure greater health along with safety of the individuals working in a particu lar workplace. Again, in order to maintain safety at workplace, it should be mandatory for all the employees to follow the legislative regulations laid down by their respective companies to form as well as develop a secured environment (Health and Social Care Board, 2011).. In order to develop the health and safety measures in the healthcare organisations, the Director of such organisations must pass a mandate with written norms of health and safety measures, which need to be followed for enhancing safety at workplace. To maintain greater health and safety at the workplace, the Director should follow the systems and the procedures that entail implementing policies within his directorate, disseminating those within the staff by explaining the area of responsibility and including new staff as a part of induction plan. In order to enhance the overall performance, the policies would also incorporate the measures like providing leadership.

Corporate welfare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Corporate welfare - Essay Example Corporate Welfare takes a variety of forms from indirect to direct subsidizing, grants, loans, reduced tax-rates, and bailouts. The crisis that created the Corporate Welfare program in the 1930s was the Great Depression. This led to the government subsidizing the agricultural as well as other industries. Agriculture has traditionally been the most widely subsidized by the U.S. government (2). The effectiveness of Corporate Welfare is widely debated. Proponents view it as an investment that helps businesses and therefore the economy grow. The welfareinfo.org website states that â€Å"American companies remain competitive leaders in the global business industry and many owe at least a portion of their success to the funding support provided by Corporate Welfare† (3). However, many counter this argument by saying that only big companies and basically those who are â€Å"already rich† are subsidized at the expense of middle-class and poor people (4). They point to the recen t example of General Motors, which was a failing company until the government stepped in simply because they were â€Å"too big to fail.† It is clear from these historical examples and the opinions of experts that big businesses are given preferential treatment to smaller companies when it comes to Corporate Welfare.